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The clothing supplied by the Detaining Power to internees and
the outward markings placed on their own clothes shall not be
ignominious nor expose them to ridicule.
Workers shall receive suitable working outfits, including
protective clothing, whenever the nature of their work so
requires.
Chapter IV. HYGIENE AND MEDICAL ATTENTION
Article 91
Every place of internment shall have an adequate infirmary,
under the direction of a qualified doctor, where internees may
have the attention they require, as well as an appropriate diet.
Isolation wards shall be set aside for cases of contagious or
mental diseases.
Maternity cases and internees suffering from serious diseases,
or whose condition requires special treatment, a surgical
operation or hospital care, must be admitted to any institution
where adequate treatment can be given and shall receive care not
inferior to that provided for the general population.
Internees shall, for preference, have the attention of medical
personnel of their own nationality.
Internees may not be prevented from presenting themselves to
the medical authorities for examination. The medical authorities
of the Detaining Power shall, upon request, issue to every
internee who has undergone treatment an official certificate
showing the nature of his illness or injury, and the duration and
nature of the treatment given. A duplicate of this certificate
shall be forwarded to the Central Agency provided for in
Article 140.
Treatment, including the provision of any apparatus necessary
for the maintenance of internees in good health, particularly
dentures and other artificial appliances and spectacles, shall be
free of charge to the internee.
Article 92
Medical inspections of internees shall be made at least once a
month. Their purpose shall be, in particular, to supervise the
general state of health, nutrition and cleanliness of internees,
and to detect contagious diseases, especially tuberculosis,
malaria, and venereal diseases. Such inspections shall include, in
particular, the checking of weight of each internee and, at least
once a year, radioscopic examination.
Chapter V. RELIGIOUS, INTELLECTUAL AND
PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES
Article 93
Internees shall enjoy complete latitude in the exercise of
their religious duties, including attendance at the services of
their faith, on condition that they comply with the disciplinary
routine prescribed by the detaining authorities.
Ministers of religion who are interned shall be allowed to
minister freely to the members of their community. For this
purpose, the Detaining Power shall ensure their equitable
allocation amongst the various places of internment in which there
are internees speaking the same language and belonging to the same
religion. Should such ministers be too few in number, the
Detaining Power shall provide them with the necessary facilities,
including means of transport, for moving from one place to
another, and they shall be authorized to visit any internees who
are in hospital. Ministers of religion shall be at liberty to
correspond on matters concerning their ministry with the religious
authorities in the country of detention and, as far as possible,
with the international religious organizations of their faith.
Such correspondence shall not be considered as forming a part of
the quota mentioned in Article 107. It shall, however, be subject
to the provisions of Article 112.
When internees do not have at their disposal the assistance of
ministers of their faith, or should these latter be too few in
number, the local religious authorities of the same faith may
appoint, in agreement with the Detaining Power, a minister of the
internees' faith or, if such a course is feasible from a
denominational point of view, a minister of similar religion or a
qualified layman. The latter shall enjoy the facilities granted to
the ministry he has assumed. Persons so appointed shall comply
with all regulations laid down by the Detaining Power in the
interests of discipline and security.
Article 94
The Detaining Power shall encourage intellectual, educational
and recreational pursuits, sports and games amongst internees,
whilst leaving them free to take part in them or not. It shall
take all practicable measures to ensure the exercice thereof, in
particular by providing suitable premises.
All possible facilities shall be granted to internees to
continue their studies or to take up new subjects. The education
of children and young people shall be ensured; they shall be
allowed to attend schools either within the place of internment or
outside.
Internees shall be given opportunities for physical exercise,
sports and outdoor games. For this purpose, sufficient open spaces
shall be set aside in all places of internment. Special
playgrounds shall be reserved for children and young people.
Article 95
The Detaining Power shall not employ internees as workers,
unless they so desire. Employment which, if undertaken under
compulsion by a protected person not in internment, would involve
a breach of Articles 40 or 51 of the present Convention, and
employment on work which is of a degrading or humiliating
character are in any case prohibited.
After a working period of six weeks, internees shall be free
to give up work at any moment, subject to eight days' notice.
These provisions constitute no obstacle to the right of the
Detaining Power to employ interned doctors, dentists and other
medical personnel in their professional capacity on behalf of
their fellow internees, or to employ internees for administrative
and maintenance work in places of internment and to detail such
persons for work in the kitchens or for other domestic tasks, or
to require such persons to undertake duties connected with the
protection of internees against aerial bombardment or other war
risks. No internee may, however, be required to perform tasks for
which he is, in the opinion of a medical officer, physically
unsuited.
The Detaining Power shall take entire responsibility for all
working conditions, for medical attention, for the payment of
wages, and for ensuring that all employed internees receive
compensation for occupational accidents and diseases. The
standards prescribed for the said working conditions and for
compensation shall be in accordance with the national laws and
regulations, and with the existing practice; they shall in no case
be inferior to those obtaining for work of the same nature in the
same district. Wages for work done shall be determined on an
equitable basis by special agreements between the internees, the
Detaining Power, and, if the case arises, employers other than the
Detaining Power to provide for free maintenance of internees and
for the medical attention which their state of health may require.
Internees permanently detailed for categories of work mentioned in
the third paragraph of this Article shall be paid fair wages by
the Detaining Power. The working conditions and the scale of
compensation for occupational accidents and diseases to internees,
thus detailed, shall not be inferior to those applicable to work
of the same nature in the same district.
Article 96
All labour detachments shall remain part of and dependent upon
a place of internment. The competent authorities of the Detaining
Power and the commandant of a place of internment shall be
responsible for the observance in a labour detachment of the
provisions of the present Convention. The commandant shall keep an
up-to-date list of the labour detachments subordinate to him and
shall communicate it to the delegates of the Protecting Power, of
the International Committee of the Red Cross and of other
humanitarian organizations who may visit the places of internment.
Chapter VI. PERSONAL PROPERTY AND FINANCIAL RESOURCES
Article 97
Internees shall be permitted to retain articles of personal
use. Monies, cheques, bonds, etc., and valuables in their
possession may not be taken from them except in accordance with
established procedure. Detailed receipts shall be given therefor.
The amounts shall be paid into the account of every internee
as provided for in Article 98. Such amounts may not be converted
into any other currency unless legislation in force in the
territory in which the owner is interned so requires or the
internee gives his consent.
Articles which have above all a personal or sentimental value
may not be taken away.
A woman internee shall not be searched except by a woman.
On release or repatriation, internees shall be given all
articles, monies or other valuables taken from them during
internment and shall receive in currency the balance of any credit
to their accounts kept in accordance with Article 98, with the
exception of any articles or amounts withheld by the Detaining
Power by virtue of its legislation in force. If the property of an
internee is so withheld, the owner shall receive a detailed
receipt.
Family or identity documents in the possession of internees
may not be taken away without a receipt being given. At no time
shall internees be left without identity documents. If they have
none, they shall be issued with special documents drawn up by the
detaining authorities, which will serve as their identity papers
until the end of their internment.
Internees may keep on their persons a certain amount of money,
in cash or in the shape of purchase coupons, to enable them to
make purchases.
Article 98
All internees shall receive regular allowances, sufficient to
enable them to purchase goods and articles, such as tobacco,
toilet requisites, etc. Such allowances may take the form of
credits or purchase coupons.
Furthermore, internees may receive allowances from the Power
to which they owe allegiance, the Protecting Powers, the
organizations which may assist them, or their families, as well as
the income on their property in accordance with the law of the
Detaining Power. The amount of allowances granted by the Power to
which they owe allegiance shall be the same for each category of
internees (infirm, sick, pregnant women, etc.), but may not be
allocated by that Power or distributed by the Detaining Power on
the basis of discriminations between internees which are
prohibited by Article 27 of the present Convention.
The Detaining Power shall open a regular account for every
internee, to which shall be credited the allowances named in the
present Article, the wages earned and the remittances received,
together with such sums taken from him as may be available under
the legislation in force in the territory in which he is interned.
Internees shall be granted all facilities consistent with the
legislation in force in such territory to make remittances to
their families and to other dependants. They may draw from their
accounts the amounts necessary for their personal expenses, within
the limits fixed by the Detaining Power. They shall at all times
be afforded reasonable facilities for consulting and obtaining
copies of their accounts. A statement of accounts shall be
furnished to the Protecting Power, on request, and shall accompany
the internee in case of transfer.
Chapter VII. ADMINISTRATION AND DISCIPLINE
Article 99
Every place of internment shall be put under the authority of
a responsible officer, chosen from the regular military forces or
the regular civil administration of the Detaining Power. The
officer in charge of the place of internment must have in his
possession a copy of the present Convention in the official
language, or one of the official languages, of his country and
shall be responsible for its application. The staff in control of
internees shall be instructed in the provisions of the present
Convention and of the administrative measures adopted to ensure
its application.
The text of the present Convention and the texts of special
agreements concluded under the said Convention shall be posted
inside the place of internment, in a language which the internees
understand, or shall be in the possession of the Internee
Committee.
Regulations, orders, notices and publications of every kind
shall be communicated to the internees and posted inside the
places of internment, in a language which they understand.
Every order and command addressed to internees individually
must likewise be given in a language which they understand.
Article 100
The disciplinary regime in places of internment shall be
consistent with humanitarian principles, and shall in no
circumstances include regulations imposing on internees any
physical exertion dangerous to their health or involving physical
or moral victimization. Identification by tattooing or imprinting
signs or markings on the body is prohibited.
In particular, prolonged standing and roll-calls, punishment
drill, military drill and manoeuvres, or the reduction of food
rations, are prohibited.
Article 101
Internees shall have the right to present to the authorities
in whose power they are any petition with regard to the conditions
of internment to which they are subjected.
They shall also have the right to apply without restriction
through the Internee Committee or, if they consider it necessary,
direct to the representatives of the Protecting Power, in order to
indicate to them any points on which they may have complaints to
make with regard to the conditions of internment.
Such petitions and complaints shall be transmitted forthwith
and without alteration, and even if the latter are recognized to
be unfounded, they may not occasion any punishment.
Periodic reports on the situation in places of internment and
as to the needs of the internees may be sent by the Internee
Committees to the representatives of the Protecting Powers.
Article 102
In every place of internment, the internees shall freely elect
by secret ballot every six months, the members of a Committee
empowered to represent them before the Detaining and the
Protecting Powers, the International Committee of the Red Cross
and any other organization which may assist them. The members of
the Committee shall be eligible for re-election.
Internees so elected shall enter upon their duties after their
election has been approved by the detaining authorities. The
reasons for any refusals or dismissals shall be communicated to
the Protecting Powers concerned.
Article 103
The Internee Committees shall further the physical, spiritual
and intellectual well-being of the internees.
In case the internees decide, in particular, to organize a
system of mutual assistance amongst themselves, this organization
would be within the competence of the Committees in addition to
the special duties entrusted to them under other provisions of the
present Convention.
Article 104
Members of Internee Committees shall not be required to
perform any other work, if the accomplishment of their duties is
rendered more difficult thereby.
Members of Internee Committees may appoint from amongst the
internees such assistants as they may require. All material
facilities shall be granted to them, particularly a certain
freedom of movement necessary for the accomplishment of their
duties (visits to labour detachments, receipt of supplies, etc.).
All facilities shall likewise be accorded to members of
Internee Committees for communication by post and telegraph with
the detaining authorities, the Protecting Powers, the
International Committee of the Red Cross and their delegates, and
with the organizations which give assistance to internees.
Committee members in labour detachments shall enjoy similar
facilities for communication with their Internee Committee in the
principal place of internment. Such communications shall not be
limited, nor considered as forming a part of the quota mentioned
in Article 107.
Members of Internee Committees who are transferred shall be
allowed a reasonable time to acquaint their successors with
current affairs.
Chapter VIII. RELATIONS WITH THE EXTERIOR
Article 105
Immediately upon interning protected persons, the Detaining
Powers shall inform them, the Power to which they owe allegiance
and their Protecting Power of the measures taken for executing the
provisions of the present Chapter. The Detaining Powers shall
likewise inform the Parties concerned of any subsequent
modifications of such measures.
Article 106
As soon as he is interned, or at the latest not more than one
week after his arrival in a place of internment, and likewise in
cases of sickness or transfer to another place of internment or to
a hospital, every internee shall be enabled to send direct to his
family, on the one hand, and to the Central Agency provided for by
Article 140, on the other, an internment card similar, if
possible, to the model annexed to the present Convention,
informing his relatives of his detention, address and state of
health. The said cards shall be forwarded as rapidly as possible
and may not be delayed in any way.
Article 107
Internees shall be allowed to send and receive letters and
cards. If the Detaining Power deems it necessary to limit the
number of letters and cards sent by each internee, the said number
shall not be less than two letters and four cards monthly; these
shall be drawn up so as to conform as closely as possible to the
models annexed to the present Convention. If limitations must be
placed on the correspondence addressed to internees, they may be
ordered only by the Power to which such internees owe allegiance,
possibly at the request of the Detaining Power. Such letters and
cards must be conveyed with reasonable despatch; they may not be
delayed or retained for disciplinary reasons.
Internees who have been a long time without news, or who find
it impossible to receive news from their relatives, or to give
them news by the ordinary postal route, as well as those who are
at a considerable distance from their homes, shall be allowed to
send telegrams, the charges being paid by them in the currency at
their disposal. They shall likewise benefit by this provision in
cases which are recognized to be urgent.
As a rule, internees' mail shall be written in their own
language. The Parties to the conflict may authorize correspondence
in other languages.
Article 108
Internees shall be allowed to receive, by post or by any other
means, individual parcels or collective shipments containing in
particular foodstuffs, clothing, medical supplies, as well as
books and objects of a devotional, educational or recreational
character which may meet their needs. Such shipments shall in no
way free the Detaining Power from the obligations imposed upon it
by virtue of the present Convention.
Should military necessity require the quantity of such
shipments to be limited, due notice thereof shall be given to the
Protecting Power and to the International Committee of the Red
Cross, or to any other organization giving assistance to the
internees and responsible for the forwarding of such shipments.
The conditions for the sending of individual parcels and
collective shipments shall, if necessary, be the subject of
special agreements between the Powers concerned, which may in no
case delay the receipt by the internees of relief supplies.
Parcels of clothing and foodstuffs may not include books. Medical
relief supplies shall, as a rule, be sent in collective parcels.
Article 109
In the absence of special agreements between Parties to the
conflict regarding the conditions for the receipt and distribution
of collective relief shipments, the regulations concerning
collective relief which are annexed to the present Convention
shall be applied.
The special agreements provided for above shall in no case
restrict the right of Internee Committees to take possession of
collective relief shipments intended for internees, to undertake
their distribution and to dispose of them in the interests of the
recipients.
Nor shall such agreements restrict the right of
representatives of the Protecting Powers, the International
Committee of the Red Cross, or any other organization giving
assistance to internees and responsible for the forwarding of
collective shipments, to supervise their distribution to the
recipients.
Article 110
An relief shipments for internees shall be exempt from import,
customs and other dues.
All matter sent by mail, including relief parcels sent by
parcel post and remittances of money, addressed from other
countries to internees or despatched by them through the post
office, either direct or through the Information Bureaux provided
for in Article 136 and the Central Information Agency provided for
in Article 140, shall be exempt from all postal dues both in the
countries of origin and destination and in intermediate countries.
To this end, in particular, the exemption provided by the
Universal Postal Convention of 1947 and by the agreements of the
Universal Postal Union in favour of civilians of enemy nationality
detained in camps or civilian prisons, shall be extended to the
other interned persons protected by the present Convention. The
countries not signatory to the above-mentioned agreements shall be
bound to grant freedom from charges in the same circumstances.
The cost of transporting relief shipments which are intended
for internees and which, by reason of their weight or any other
cause, cannot be sent through the post office, shall be borne by
the Detaining Power in all the territories under its control.
Other Powers which are Parties to the present Convention shall
bear the cost of transport in their respective territories.
Costs connected with the transport of such shipments, which
are not covered by the above paragraphs, shall be charged to the
senders.
The High Contracting Parties shall endeavour to reduce, so far
as possible, the charges for telegrams sent by internees, or
addressed to them.
Article 111
Should military operations prevent the Powers concerned from
fulfilling their obligation to ensure the conveyance of the mail
and relief shipments provided for in Articles 106, 107, 108 and
113, the Protecting Powers concerned, the International Committee
of the Red Cross or any other organization duly approved by the
Parties to the conflict may undertake the conveyance of such
shipments by suitable means (rail, motor vehicles, vessels or
aircraft, etc.). For this purpose, the High Contracting Parties
shall endeavour to supply them with such transport, and to allow
its circulation, especially by granting the necessary
safe-conducts.
Such transport may also be used to convey:
(a) Correspondence, lists and reports exchanged between the
Central Information Agency referred to in Article 140 and the
National Bureaux referred to in Article 136;
(b) Correspondence and reports relating to internees which the
Protecting Powers, the International Committee of the Red Cross or
any other organization assisting the internees exchange either
with their own delegates or with the Parties to the conflict.
These provisions in no way detract from the right of any Party
to the conflict to arrange other means of transport if it should
so prefer, nor preclude the granting of safe-conducts, under
mutually agreed conditions, to such means of transport.
The costs occasioned by the use of such means of transport
shall be borne, in proportion to the importance of the shipments,
by the Parties to the conflict whose nationals are benefited
thereby.
Article 112
The censoring of correspondence addressed to internees or
despatched by them shall be done as quickly as possible.
The examination of consignments intended for internees shall
not be carried out under conditions that will expose the goods
contained in them to deterioration. It shall be done in the
presence of the addressee, or of a fellow-internee duly delegated
by him. The delivery to internees of individual or collective
consignments shall not be delayed under the pretext of
difficulties of censorship.
Any prohibition of correspondence ordered by the Parties to
the conflict either for military or political reasons, shall be
only temporary and its duration shall be as short as possible.
Article 113
The Detaining Powers shall provide all reasonable facilities
for the transmission, through the Protecting Power or the Central
Agency provided for in Article 140, or as otherwise required, of
wills, powers of attorney, letters of authority, or any other
documents intended for internees or despatched by them.
In all cases the Detaining Powers shall facilitate the
execution and authentication in due legal form of such documents
on behalf of internees, in particular by allowing them to consult
a lawyer.
Article 114
The Detaining Power shall afford internees all facilities to
enable them to manage their property, provided this is not
incompatible with the conditions of internment and the law which
is applicable. For this purpose, the said Power may give them
permission to leave the place of internment in urgent cases and if
circumstances allow.
Article 115
In all cases where an internee is a party to proceedings in
any court, the Detaining Power shall, if he so requests, cause the
court to be informed of his detention and shall, within legal
limits, ensure that all necessary steps are taken to prevent him
from being in any way prejudiced, by reason of his internment, as
regards the preparation and conduct of his case or as regards the
execution of any judgment of the court.
Article 116
Every internee shall be allowed to receive visitors,
especially near relatives, at regular intervals and as frequently
as possible.
As far as is possible, internees shall be permitted to visit
their homes in urgent cases, particularly in cases of death or
serious illness of relatives.
Chapter IX. PENAL AND DISCIPLINARY SANCTIONS
Article 117
Subject to the provisions of the present Chapter, the laws in
force in the territory in which they are detained will continue to
apply to internees who commit offences during internment.
If general laws, regulations or orders declare acts committed
by internees to be punishable, whereas the same acts are not
punishable when committed by persons who are not internees, such
acts shall entail disciplinary punishments only.
No internee may be punished more than once for the same act,
or on the same count.
Article 118
The courts or authorities shall in passing sentence take as
far as possible into account the fact that the defendant is not a
national of the Detaining Power. They shall be free to reduce the
penalty prescribed for the offence with which the internee is
charged and shall not be obliged, to this end, to apply the
minimum sentence prescribed.
Imprisonment in premises without daylight, and, in general,
all forms of cruelty without exception are forbidden.
Internees who have served disciplinary or judicial sentences
shall not be treated differently from other internees.
The duration of preventive detention undergone by an internee
shall be deducted from any disciplinary or judicial penalty
involving confinement to which he may be sentenced.
Internee Committees shall be informed of all judicial
proceedings instituted against internees whom they represent, and
of their result.
Article 119
The disciplinary punishments applicable to internees shall be
the following:
1. A fine which shall not exceed 50 per cent of the wages
which the internee would otherwise receive under the provisions of
Article 95 during a period of not more than thirty days.
2. Discontinuance of privileges granted over and above the
treatment provided for by the present Convention.
3. Fatigue duties, not exceeding two hours daily, in
connection with the maintenance of the place of internment.
4. Confinement.
In no case shall disciplinary penalties be inhuman, brutal or
dangerous for the health of internees. Account shall be taken of
the internee's age, sex and state of health.
The duration of any single punishment shall in no case exceed
a maximum of thirty consecutive days, even if the internee is
answerable for several breaches of discipline when his case is
dealt with, whether such breaches are connected or not.
Article 120
Internees who are recaptured after having escaped or when
attempting to escape, shall be liable only to disciplinary
punishment in respect of this act, even if it is a repeated
offence.
Article 118, paragraph 3, notwithstanding, internees punished
as a result of escape or attempt to escape, may be subjected to
special surveillance, on condition that such surveillance does not
affect the state of their health, that it is exercised in a place
of internment and that it does not entail the abolition of any of
the safeguards granted by the present Convention.
Internees who aid and abet an escape, or attempt to escape,
shall be liable on this count to disciplinary punishment only.
Article 121
Escape, or attempt to escape, even if it is a repeated
offence, shall not be deemed an aggravating circumstance in cases
where an internee is prosecuted for offences committed during his
escape.
The Parties to the conflict shall ensure that the competent
authorities exercise leniency in deciding whether punishment
inflicted for an offence shall be of a disciplinary or judicial
nature, especially in respect of acts committed in connection with
an escape, whether successful or not.
Article 122
Acts which constitute offences against discipline shall be
investigated immediately. This rule shall be applied, in
particular, in cases of escape or attempt to escape. Recaptured
internees shall be handed over to the competent authorities as
soon as possible.
In cases of offences against discipline, confinement awaiting
trial shall be reduced to an absolute minimum for all internees,
and shall not exceed fourteen days. Its duration shall in any case
be deducted from any sentence of confinement.
The provisions of Articles 124 and 125 shall apply to
internees who are in confinement awaiting trial for offences
against discipline.
Article 123
Without prejudice to the competence of courts and higher
authorities, disciplinary punishment may be ordered only by the
commandant of the place of internment, or by a responsible officer
or official who replaces him, or to whom he has delegated his
disciplinary powers.
Before any disciplinary punishment is awarded, the accused
internee shall be given precise information regarding the offences
of which he is accused, and given an opportunity of explaining his
conduct and of defending himself. He shall be permitted, in
particular, to call witnesses and to have recourse, if necessary,
to the services of a qualified interpreter. The decision shall be
announced in the presence of the accused and of a member of the
Internee Committee.
The period elapsing between the time of award of a
disciplinary punishment and its execution shall not exceed one
month.
When an internee is awarded a further disciplinary punishment,
a period of at least three days shall elapse between the execution
of any two of the punishments, if the duration of one of these is
ten days or more.
A record of disciplinary punishments shall be maintained by
the commandant of the place of internment and shall be open to
inspection by representatives of the Protecting Power.
Article 124
Internees shall not in any case be transferred to penitentiary
establishments (prisons, penitentiaries, convict prisons, etc.) to
undergo disciplinary punishment therein.
The premises in which disciplinary punishments are undergone
shall conform to sanitary requirements; they shall in particular
be provided with adequate bedding. Internees undergoing punishment
shall be enabled to keep themselves in a state of cleanliness.
Women internees undergoing disciplinary punishment shall be
confined in separate quarters from male internees and shall be
under the immediate supervision of women.
Article 125
Internees awarded disciplinary punishment shall be allowed to
exercise and to stay in the open air at least two hours daily.
They shall be allowed, if they so request, to be present at
the daily medical inspections. They shall receive the attention
which their state of health requires and, if necessary, shall be
removed to the infirmary of the place of internment or to a
hospital.
They shall have permission to read and write, likewise to send
and receive letters. Parcels and remittances of money, however,
may be withheld from them until the completion of their
punishment; such consignments shall meanwhile be entrusted to the
Internee Committee, who will hand over to the infirmary the
perishable goods contained in the parcels.
No internee given a disciplinary punishment may be deprived of
the benefit of the provisions of Articles 107 and 143 of the
present Convention.
Article 126
The provisions of Articles 71 to 76 inclusive shall apply, by
analogy, to proceedings against internees who are in the national
territory of the Detaining Power.
Chapter X. TRANSFERS OF INTERNEES
Article 127
The transfer of internees shall always be effected humanely.
As a general rule, it shall be carried out by rail or other means
of transport, and under conditions at least equal to those
obtaining for the forces of the Detaining Power in their changes
of station. If, as an exceptional measure, such removals have to
be effected on foot, they may not take place unless the internees
are in a fit state of health, and may not in any case expose them
to excessive fatigue.
The Detaining Power shall supply internees during transfer
with drinking water and food sufficient in quantity, quality and
variety to maintain them in good health, and also with the
necessary clothing, adequate shelter and the necessary medical
attention. The Detaining Power shall take all suitable precautions
to ensure their safety during transfer, and shall establish before
their departure a complete list of all internees transferred.
Sick, wounded or infirm internees and maternity cases shall
not be transferred if the journey would be seriously detrimental
to them, unless their safety imperatively so demands.
If the combat zone draws close to a place of internment, the
internees in the said place shall not be transferred unless their
removal can be carried out in adequate conditions of safety, or
unless they are exposed to greater risks by remaining on the spot
than by being transferred.
When making decisions regarding the transfer of internees, the
Detaining Power shall take their interests into account and, in
particular, shall not do anything to increase the difficulties of
repatriating them or returning them to their own homes.
Article 128
In the event of transfer, internees shall be officially
advised of their departure and of their new postal address. Such
notification shall be given in time for them to pack their luggage
and inform their next of kin.
They shall be allowed to take with them their personal
effects, and the correspondence and parcels which have arrived for
them. The weight of such baggage may be limited if the conditions
of transfer so require, but in no case to less than twenty-five
kilograms per internee.
Mail and parcels addressed to their former place of internment
shall be forwarded to them without delay.
The commandant of the place of internment shall take, in
agreement with the Internee Committee, any measures needed to
ensure the transport of the internees' community property and of
the luggage the internees are unable to take with them in
consequence of restrictions imposed by virtue of the second
paragraph.
Chapter XI. DEATHS
Article 129
The wills of internees shall be received for safe-keeping by
the responsible authorities; and if the event of the death of an
internee his will shall be transmitted without delay to a person
whom he has previously designated.
Deaths of internees shall be certified in every case by a
doctor, and a death certificate shall be made out, showing the
causes of death and the conditions under which it occurred.
An official record of the death, duly registered, shall be
drawn up in accordance with the procedure relating thereto in
force in the territory where the place of internment is situated,
and a duly certified copy of such record shall be transmitted
without delay to the Protecting Power as well as to the Central
Agency referred to in Article 140.
Article 130
The detaining authorities shall ensure that internees who die
while interned are honourably buried, if possible according to the
rites of the religion to which they belonged, and that their
graves are respected, properly maintained, and marked in such a
way that they can always be recognized.
Deceased internees shall be buried in individual graves unless
unavoidable circumstances require the use of collective graves.
Bodies may be cremated only for imperative reasons of hygiene, on
account of the religion of the deceased or in accordance with his
expressed wish to this effect. In case of cremation, the fact
shall be stated and the reasons given in the death certificate of
the deceased. The ashes shall be retained for safe-keeping by the
detaining authorities and shall be transferred as soon as possible
to the next of kin on their request.
As soon as circumstances permit, and not later than the close
of hostilities, the Detaining Power shall forward lists of graves
of deceased internees to the Powers on whom deceased internees
depended, through the Information Bureaux provided for in
Article 136. Such lists shall include all particulars necessary
for the identification of the deceased internees, as well as the
exact location of their graves.
Article 131
Every death or serious injury of an internee, caused or
suspected to have been caused by a sentry, another internee or any
other person, as well as any death the cause of which is unknown,
shall be immediately followed by an official enquiry by the
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