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the cases of persons required to leave their usual places of
residence by virtue of a decision placing them in assigned
residence elsewhere, the Detaining Power shall be guided as
closely as possible by the standards of welfare set forth in Part
III, Section IV of this Convention.
Article 42
The internment or placing in assigned residence of protected
persons may be ordered only if the security of the Detaining Power
makes it absolutely necessary.
If any person, acting through the representatives of the
Protecting Power, voluntarily demands internment, and if his
situation renders this step necessary, he shall be interned by the
Power in whose hands he may be.
Article 43
Any protected person who has been interned or placed in
assigned residence shall be entitled to have such action
reconsidered as soon as possible by an appropriate court or
administrative board designated by the Detaining Power for that
purpose. If the internment or placing in assigned residence is
maintained, the court or administrative board shall periodically,
and at least twice yearly, give consideration to his or her case,
with a view to the favourable amendment of the initial decision,
if circumstances permit.
Unless the protected persons concerned object, the Detaining
Power shall, as rapidly as possible, give the Protecting Power the
names of any protected persons who have been interned or subjected
to assigned residence, or who have been released from internment
or assigned residence. The decisions of the courts or boards
mentioned in the first paragraph of the present Article shall
also, subject to the same conditions, be notified as rapidly as
possible to the Protecting Power.
Article 44
In applying the measures of control mentioned in the present
Convention, the Detaining Power shall not treat as enemy aliens
exclusively on the basis of their nationality de jure of an enemy
State, refugees who do not, in fact, enjoy the protection of any
government.
Article 45
Protected persons shall not be transferred to a Power which is
not a party to the Convention.
This provision shall in no way constitute an obstacle to the
repatriation of protected persons, or to their return to their
country of residence after the cessation of hostilities.
Protected persons may be transferred by the Detaining Power
only to a Power which is a party to the present Convention and
after the Detaining Power has satisfied itself of the willingness
and ability of such transferee Power to apply the present
Convention. If protected persons are transferred under such
circumstances, responsibility for the application of the present
Convention rests on the Power accepting them, while they are in
its custody. Nevertheless, if that Power fails to carry out the
provisions of the present Convention in any important respect, the
Power by which the protected persons were transferred shall, upon
being so notified by the Protecting Power, take effective measures
to correct the situation or shall request the return of the
protected persons. Such request must be complied with.
In no circumstances shall a protected person be transferred to
a country where he or she may have reason to fear persecution for
his or her political opinions or religious beliefs.
The provisions of this Article do not constitute an obstacle
to the extradition, in pursuance of extradition treaties concluded
before the outbreak of hostilities, of protected persons accused
of offences against ordinary criminal law.
Article 46
In so far as they have not been previously withdrawn,
restrictive measures taken regarding protected persons shall be
cancelled as soon as possible after the close of hostilities.
Restrictive measures affecting their property shall be
cancelled, in accordance with the law of the Detaining Power, as
soon as possible after the close of hostilities.
Section III. OCCUPIED TERRITORIES
Article 47
Protected persons who are in occupied territory shall not be
deprived, in any case or in any manner whatsoever, of the benefits
of the present Convention by any change introduced, as the result
of the occupation of a territory, into the institutions or
government of the said territory, nor by any agreement concluded
between the authorities of the occupied territories and the
Occupying Power, nor by any annexation by the latter of the whole
or part of the occupied territory.
Article 48
Protected persons who are not nationals of the Power whose
territory is occupied may avail themselves of the right to leave
the territory subject to the provisions of Article 35, and
decisions thereon shall be taken according to the procedure which
the Occupying Power shall establish in accordance with the said
Article.
Article 49
Individual or mass forcible transfers, as well as deportations
of protected persons from occupied territory to the territory of
the Occupying Power or to that of any other country, occupied or
not, are prohibited, regardless of their motive.
Nevertheless, the Occupying Power may undertake total or
partial evacuation of a given area if the security of the
population or imperative military reasons so demand. Such
evacuations may not involve the displacement of protected persons
outside the bounds of the occupied territory except when for
material reasons it is impossible to avoid such displacement.
Persons thus evacuated shall be transferred back to their homes as
soon as hostilities in the area in question have ceased.
The Occupying Power undertaking such transfers or evacuations
shall ensure, to the greatest practicable extent, that proper
accommodation is provided to receive the protected persons, that
the removals are effected in satisfactory conditions of hygiene,
health, safety and nutrition, and that members of the same family
are not separated.
The Protecting Power shall be informed of any transfers and
evacuations as soon as they have taken place.
The Occupying Power shall not detain protected persons in an
area particularly exposed to the dangers of war unless the
security of the population or imperative military reasons so
demand.
The Occupying Power shall not deport or transfer parts of its
own civilian population into the territory it occupies.
Article 50
The Occupying Power shall, with the cooperation of the
national and local authorities, facilitate the proper working of
all institutions devoted to the care and education of children.
The Occupying Power shall take all necessary steps to
facilitate the identification of children and the registration of
their parentage. It may not, in any case, change their personal
status, nor enlist them in formations or organizations subordinate
to it.
Should the local institutions be inadequate for the purpose,
the Occupying Power shall make arrangements for the maintenance
and education, if possible by persons of their own nationality,
language and religion, of children who are orphaned or separated
from their parents as a result of the war and who cannot be
adequately cared for by a near relative or friend.
A special section of the Bureau set up in accordance with
Article 136 shall be responsible for taking all necessary steps to
identify children whose identity is in doubt. Particulars of their
parents or other near relatives should always be recorded if
available.
The Occupying Power shall not hinder the application of any
preferential measures in regard to food, medical care and
protection against the effects of war, which may have been adopted
prior to the occupation in favour of children under fifteen years,
expectant mothers, and mothers of children under seven years.
Article 51
The Occupying Power may not compel protected persons to serve
in its armed or auxiliary forces. No pressure or propaganda which
aims at securing voluntary enlistment is permitted.
The Occupying Power may not compel protected persons to work
unless they are over eighteen years of age, and then only on work
which is necessary either for the needs of the army of occupation,
or for the public utility services, or for the feeding,
sheltering, clothing, transportation or health of the population
of the occupied country. Protected persons may not be compelled to
undertake any work which would involve them in the obligation of
taking part in military operations. The Occupying Power may not
compel protected persons to employ forcible means to ensure the
security of the installations where they are performing compulsory
labour.
The work shall be carried out only in the occupied territory
where the persons whose services have been requisitioned are.
Every such person shall, so far as possible, be kept in his usual
place of employment. Workers shall be paid a fair wage and the
work shall be proportionate to their physical and intellectual
capacities. The legislation in force in the occupied country
concerning working conditions, and safeguards as regards, in
particular, such matters as wages, hours of work, equipment,
preliminary training and compensation for occupational accidents
and diseases, shall be applicable to the protected persons
assigned to the work referred to in this Article.
In no case shall requisition of labour lead to a mobilization
of workers in an organization of a military or semi-military
character.
Article 52
No contract, agreement or regulation shall impair the right of
any worker, whether voluntary or not and wherever he may be, to
apply to the representatives of the Protecting Power in order to
request the said Power's intervention.
All measures aiming at creating unemployment or at restricting
the opportunities offered to workers in an occupied territory, in
order to induce them to work for the Occupying Power, are
prohibited.
Article 53
Any destruction by the Occupying Power of real or personal
property belonging individually or collectively to private
persons, or to the State, or to other public authorities, or to
social or cooperative organizations, is prohibited, except where
such destruction is rendered absolutely necessary by military
operations.
Article 54
The Occupying Power may not alter the status of public
officials or judges in the occupied territories, or in any way
apply sanctions to or take any measures of coercion or
discrimination against them, should they abstain from fulfilling
their functions for reasons of conscience.
This prohibition does not prejudice the application of the
second paragraph of Article 51. It does not affect the right of
the Occupying Power to remove public officials from their posts.
Article 55
To the fullest extent of the means available to it the
Occupying Power has the duty of ensuring the food and medical
supplies of the population; it should, in particular, bring in the
necessary foodstuffs, medical stores and other articles if the
resources of the occupied territory are inadequate.
The Occupying Power may not requisition foodstuffs, articles
or medical supplies available in the occupied territory, except
for use by the occupation forces and administration personnel, and
then only if the requirements of the civilian population have been
taken into account. Subject to the provisions of other
international Conventions, the Occupying Power shall make
arrangements to ensure that fair value is paid for any
requisitioned goods.
The Protecting Power shall, at any time, be at liberty to
verify the state of the food and medical supplies in occupied
territories, except where temporary restrictions are made
necessary by imperative military requirements.
Article 56
To the fullest extent of the means available to it, the
Occupying Power has the duty of ensuring and maintaining, with the
cooperation of national and local authorities, the medical and
hospital establishments and services, public health and hygiene in
the occupied territory, with particular reference to the adoption
and application of the prophylactic and preventive measures
necessary to combat the spread of contagious diseases and
epidemics. Medical personnel of all categories shall be allowed to
carry out their duties.
If new hospitals are set up in occupied territory and if the
competent organs of the occupied State are not operating there,
the occupying authorities shall, if necessary, grant them the
recognition provided for in Article 18. In similar circumstances,
the occupying authorities shall also grant recognition to hospital
personnel and transport vehicles under the provisions of Articles
20 and 21.
In adopting measures of health and hygiene and in their
implementation, the Occupying Power shall take into consideration
the moral and ethical susceptibilities of the population of the
occupied territory.
Article 57
The Occupying Power may requisition civilian hospitals only
temporarily and only in cases of urgent necessity for the care of
military wounded and sick, and then on condition that suitable
arrangements are made in due time for the care and treatment of
the patients and for the needs of the civilian population for
hospital accommodation.
The material and stores of civilian hospitals cannot be
requisitioned so long as they are necessary for the needs of the
civilian population.
Article 58
The Occupying Power shall permit ministers of religion to give
spiritual assistance to the members of their religious
communities.
The Occupying Power shall also accept consignments of books
and articles required for religious needs and shall facilitate
their distribution in occupied territory.
Article 59
If the whole or part of the population of an occupied
territory is inadequately supplied, the Occupying Power shall
agree to relief schemes on behalf of the said population, and
shall facilitate them by all the means at its disposal.
Such schemes, which may be undertaken either by States or by
impartial humanitarian organizations such as the International
Committee of the Red Cross, shall consist, in particular, of the
provision of consignments of foodstuffs, medical supplies and
clothing.
All Contracting Parties shall permit the free passage of these
consignments and shall guarantee their protection.
A Power granting free passage to consignments on their way to
territory occupied by an adverse Party to the conflict shall,
however, have the right to search the consignments, to regulate
their passage according to prescribed times and routes, and to be
reasonably satisfied through the Protecting Power that these
consignments are to be used for the relief of the needy population
and are not to be used for the benefit of the Occupying Power.
Article 60
Relief consignments shall in no way relieve the Occupying
Power of any of its responsibilities under Articles 55, 56 and 59.
The Occupying Power shall in no way whatsoever divert relief
consignments from the purpose for which they are intended, except
in cases of urgent necessity, in the interests of the population
of the occupied territory and with the consent of the Protecting
Power.
Article 61
The distribution of the relief consignments referred to in the
foregoing Articles shall be carried out with the cooperation and
under the supervision of the Protecting Power. This duty may also
be delegated, by agreement between the Occupying Power and the
Protecting Power, to a neutral Power, to the International
Committee of the Red Cross or to any other impartial humanitarian
body.
Such consignments shall be exempt in occupied territory from
all charges, taxes or customs duties unless these are necessary in
the interests of the economy of the territory. The Occupying Power
shall facilitate the rapid distribution of these consignments.
All Contracting Parties shall endeavour to permit the transit
and transport, free of charge, of such relief consignments on
their way to occupied territories.
Article 62
Subject to imperative reasons of security, protected persons
in occupied territories shall be permitted to receive the
individual relief consignments sent to them.
Article 63
Subject to temporary and exceptional measures imposed for
urgent reasons of security by the Occupying Power:
(a) Recognized National Red Cross (Red Crescent, Red Lion and
Sun) Societies shall be able to pursue their activities in
accordance with Red Cross principles, as defined by the
International Red Cross Conferences. Other relief societies shall
be permitted to continue their humanitarian activities under
similar conditions;
(b) The Occupying Power may not require any changes in the
personnel or structure of these societies, which would prejudice
the aforesaid activities.
The same principles shall apply to the activities and
personnel of special organizations of a non-military character,
which already exist or which may be established, for the purpose
of ensuring the living conditions of the civilian population by
the maintenance of the essential public utility services, by the
distribution of relief and by the organization of rescues.
Article 64
The penal laws of the occupied territory shall remain in
force, with the exception that they may be repealed or suspended
by the Occupying Power in cases where they constitute a threat to
its security or an obstacle to the application of the present
Convention. Subject to the latter consideration and to the
necessity for ensuring the effective administration of justice,
the tribunals of the occupied territory shall continue to function
in respect of all offences covered by the said laws.
The Occupying Power may, however, subject the population of
the occupied territory to provisions which are essential to enable
the Occupying Power to fulfil its obligations under the present
Convention, to maintain the orderly government of the territory,
and to ensure the security of the Occupying Power, of the members
and property of the occupying forces or administration, and
likewise of the establishments and lines of communication used by
them.
Article 65
The penal provisions enacted by the Occupying Power shall not
come into force before they have been published and brought to the
knowledge of the inhabitants in their own language. The effect of
these penal provisions shall not be retroactive.
Article 66
In case of a breach of the penal provisions promulgated by it
by virtue of the second paragraph of Article 64, the Occupying
Power may hand over the accused to its properly constituted,
non-political military courts, on condition that the said courts
sit in the occupied country. Courts of appeal shall preferably sit
in the occupied country.
Article 67
The courts shall apply only those provisions of law which were
applicable prior to the offence, and which are in accordance with
general principles of law, in particular the principle that the
penalty shall be proportionate to the offence. They shall take
into consideration the fact that the accused is not a national of
the Occupying Power.
Article 68
Protected persons who commit an offence which is solely
intended to harm the Occupying Power, but which does not
constitute an attempt on the life or limb of members of the
occupying forces or administration, nor a grave collective danger,
nor seriously damage the property of the occupying forces or
administration or the installations used by them, shall be liable
to internment or simple imprisonment, provided the duration of
such internment or imprisonment is proportionate to the offence
committed. Furthermore, internment or imprisonment shall, for such
offences, be the only measure adopted for depriving protected
persons of liberty. The courts provided for under Article 66 of
the present Convention may at their discretion convert a sentence
of imprisonment to one of internment for the same period.
The penal provisions promulgated by the Occupying Power in
accordance with Articles 64 and 65 may impose the death penalty
on a protected person only in cases where the person is guilty of
espionage, of serious acts of sabotage against the military
installations of the Occupying Power or of intentional offences
which have caused the death of one or more persons, provided that
such offences were punishable by death under the law of the
occupied territory in force before the occupation began.
The death penalty may not be pronounced against a protected
person unless the attention of the court has been particularly
called to the fact that, since the accused is not a national of
the Occupying Power, he is not bound to it by any duty of
allegiance.
In any case, the death penalty may not be pronounced against a
protected person who was under eighteen years of age at the time
of the offence.
Article 69
In all cases, the duration of the period during which a
protected person accused of an offence is under arrest awaiting
trial or punishment shall be deducted from any period of
imprisonment of awarded.
Article 70
Protected persons shall not be arrested, prosecuted or
convicted by the Occupying Power for acts committed or for
opinions expressed before the occupation, or during a temporary
interruption thereof, with the exception of breaches of the laws
and customs of war.
Nationals of the Occupying Power who, before the outbreak of
hostilities, have sought refuge in the territory of the occupied
State, shall not be arrested, prosecuted, convicted or deported
from the occupied territory, except for offences committed after
the outbreak of hostilities, or for offences under common law
committed before the outbreak of hostilities which, according to
the law of the occupied State, would have justified extradition in
time of peace.
Article 71
No sentence shall be pronounced by the competent courts of the
Occupying Power except after a regular trial.
Accused persons who are prosecuted by the Occupying Power
shall be promptly informed, in writing, in a language which they
understand, of the particulars of the charges preferred against
them, and shall be brought to trial as rapidly as possible. The
Protecting Power shall be informed of all proceedings instituted
by the Occupying Power against protected persons in respect of
charges involving the death penalty or imprisonment for two years
or more; it shall be enabled, at any time, to obtain information
regarding the state of such proceedings. Furthermore, the
Protecting Power shall be entitled, on request, to be furnished
with all particulars of these and of any other proceedings
instituted by the Occupying Power against protected persons.
The notification to the Protecting Power, as provided for in
the second paragraph above, shall be sent immediately, and shall
in any case reach the Protecting Power three weeks before the date
of the first hearing. Unless, at the opening of the trial,
evidence is submitted that the provisions of this Article are
fully complied with, the trial shall not proceed. The notification
shall include the following particulars:
(a) Description of the accused;
(b) Place of residence or detention;
(c) Specification of the charge or charges (with mention of
the penal provisions under which it is brought);
(d) Designation of the court which will hear the case;
(e) Place and date of the first hearing.
Article 72
Accused persons shall have the right to present evidence
necessary to their defence and may, in particular, call witnesses.
They shall have the right to be assisted by a qualified advocate
or counsel of their own choice, who shall be able to visit them
freely and shall enjoy the necessary facilities for preparing the
defence.
Failing a choice by the accused, the Protecting Power may
provide him with an advocate or counsel. When an accused person
has to meet a serious charge and the Protecting Power is not
functioning, the Occupying Power, subject to the consent of the
accused, shall provide an advocate or counsel.
Accused persons shall, unless they freely waive such
assistance, be aided by an interpreter, both during preliminary
investigation and during the hearing in court. They shall have the
right at any time to object to the interpreter and to ask for his
replacement.
Article 73
A convicted person shall have the right of appeal provided for
by the laws applied by the court. He shall be fully informed of
his right to appeal or petition and of the time limit within which
he may do so.
The penal procedure provided in the present Section shall
apply, as far as it is applicable, to appeals. Where the laws
applied by the Court make no provision for appeals, the convicted
person shall have the right to petition against the finding and
sentence to the competent authority of the Occupying Power.
Article 74
Representatives of the Protecting Power shall have the right
to attend the trial of any protected person, unless the hearing
has, as an exceptional measure, to be held in camera in the
interests of the security of the Occupying Power, which shall then
notify the Protecting Power. A notification in respect of the date
and place of trial shall be sent to the Protecting Power.
Any judgement involving a sentence of death, or imprisonment
for two years or more, shall be communicated, with the relevant
grounds, as rapidly as possible to the Protecting Power. The
notification shall contain a reference to the notification made
under Article 71, and, in the case of sentences of imprisonment,
the name of the place where the sentence is to be served. A record
of judgements other than those referred to above shall be kept by
the court and shall be open to inspection by representatives of
the Protecting Power. Any period allowed for appeal in the case of
sentences involving the death penalty, or imprisonment of two
years or more, shall not run until notification of judgement has
been received by the Protecting Power.
Article 75
In no case shall persons condemned to death be deprived of the
right of petition for pardon or reprieve.
No death sentence shall be carried out before the expiration
of a period of a least six months from the date of receipt by the
Protecting Power of the notification of the final judgment
confirming such death sentence, or of an order denying pardon or
reprieve.
The six months period of suspension of the death sentence
herein prescribed may be reduced in individual cases in
circumstances of grave emergency involving an organized threat to
the security of the Occupying Power or its forces, provided always
that the Protecting Power is notified of such reduction and is
given reasonable time and opportunity to make representations to
the competent occupying authorities in respect of such death
sentences.
Article 76
Protected persons accused of offences shall be detained in the
occupied country, and if convicted they shall serve their
sentences therein. They shall, if possible, be separated from
other detainees and shall enjoy conditions of food and hygiene
which will be sufficient to keep them in good health, and which
will be at least equal to those obtaining in prisons in the
occupied country.
They shall receive the medical attention required by their
state of health.
They shall also have the right to receive any spiritual
assistance which they may require.
Women shall be confined in separate quarters and shall be
under the direct supervision of women.
Proper regard shall be paid to the special treatment due to
minors.
Protected persons who are detained shall have the right to be
visited by delegates of the Protecting Power and of the
International Committee of the Red Cross, in accordance with the
provisions of Article 143.
Such persons shall have the right to receive at least one
relief parcel monthly.
Article 77
Protected persons who have been accused of offences or
convicted by the courts in occupied territory shall be handed over
at the close of occupation, with the relevant records, to the
authorities of the liberated territory.
Article 78
If the Occupying Power considers it necessary, for imperative
reasons of security, to take safety measures concerning protected
persons, it may, at the most, subject them to assigned residence
or to internment.
Decisions regarding such assigned residence or internment
shall be made according to a regular procedure to be prescribed by
the Occupying Power in accordance with the provisions of the
present Convention. This procedure shall include the right of
appeal for the parties concerned. Appeals shall be decided with
the least possible delay. In the event of the decision being
upheld, it shall be subject to periodical review, if possible
every six months, by a competent body set up by the said Power.
Protected persons made subject to assigned residence and thus
required to leave their homes shall enjoy the full benefit of
Article 39 of the present Convention.
Section IV
REGULATIONS FOR THE TREATMENT OF INTERNEES
Chapter I. GENERAL PROVISIONS
Article 79
The Parties to the conflict shall not intern protected
persons, except in accordance with the provisions of Articles 41,
42, 43, 68 and 78.
Article 80
Internees shall retain their full civil capacity and shall
exercise such attendant rights as may be compatible with their
status.
Article 81
Parties to the conflict who intern protected persons shall be
bound to provide free of charge for their maintenance, and to
grant them also the medical attention required by their state of
health.
No deduction from the allowances, salaries or credits due to
the internees shall be made for the repayment of these costs.
The Detaining Power shall provide for the support of those
dependent on the internees, if such dependents are without
adequate means of support or are unable to earn a living.
Article 82
The Detaining Power shall, as far as possible, accommodate the
internees according to their nationality, language and customs.
Internees who are nationals of the same country shall not be
separated merely because they have different languages.
Throughout the duration of their internment, members of the
same family, and in particular parents and children, shall be
lodged together in the same place of internment, except when
separation of a temporary nature is necessitated for reasons of
employment or health or for the purposes of enforcement of the
provisions of Chapter IX of the present Section. Internees may
request that their children who are left at liberty without
parental care shall be interned with them.
Wherever possible, interned members of the same family shall
be housed in the same premises and given separate accommodation
from other internees, together with facilities for leading a
proper family life.
Chapter II. PLACES OF INTERNMENT
Article 83
The Detaining Power shall not set up places of internment in
areas particularly exposed to the dangers of war.
The Detaining Power shall give the enemy Powers, through the
intermediary of the Protecting Powers, all useful information
regarding the geographical location of places of internment.
Whenever military considerations permit, internment camps
shall be indicated by the letters IC, placed so as to be clearly
visible in the daytime from the air. The Powers concerned may,
however, agree upon any other system of marking. No place other
than an internment camp shall be marked as such.
Article 84
Internees shall be accommodated and administered separately
from prisoners of war and from persons deprived of liberty for any
other reason.
Article 85
The Detaining Power is bound to take all necessary and
possible measures to ensure that protected persons shall, from the
outset of their internment, be accommodated in buildings or
quarters which afford every possible safeguard as regards hygiene
and health, and provide efficient protection against the rigours
of the climate and the effects of the war. In no case shall
permanent places of internment be situated in unhealthy areas or
in districts the climate of which is injurious to the internees.
In all cases where the district, in which a protected person is
temporarily interned, is in an unhealthy area or has a climate
which is harmful to his health, he shall be removed to a more
suitable place of internment as rapidly as circumstances permit.
The premises shall be fully protected from dampness,
adequately heated and lighted, in particular between dusk and
lights out. The sleeping quarters shall be sufficiently spacious
and well ventilated, and the internees shall have suitable bedding
and sufficient blankets, account being taken of the climate, and
the age, sex, and state of health of the internees.
Internees shall have for their use, day and night, sanitary
conveniences which conform to the rules of hygiene and are
constantly maintained in a state of cleanliness. They shall be
provided with sufficient water and soap for their daily personal
toilet and for washing their personal laundry; installations and
facilities necessary for this purpose shall be granted to them.
Showers or baths shall also be available. The necessary time shall
be set aside for washing and for cleaning.
Whenever it is necessary, as an exceptional and temporary
measure, to accommodate women internees who are not members of a
family unit in the same place of internment as men, the provision
of separate sleeping quarters and sanitary conveniences for the
use of such women internees shall be obligatory.
Article 86
The Detaining Power shall place at the disposal of interned
persons, of whatever denomination, premises suitable for the
holding of their religious services.
Article 87
Canteens shall be installed in every place of internment,
except where other suitable facilities are available. Their
purpose shall be to enable internees to make purchases, at prices
not higher than local market prices, of foodstuffs and articles of
everyday use, including soap and tobacco, such as would increase
their personal well-being and comfort.
Profits made by canteens shall be credited to a welfare fund
to be set up for each place of internment, and administered for
the benefit of the internees attached to such place of internment.
The Internee Committee provided for in Article 102 shall have the
right to check the management of the canteen and of the said fund.
When a place of internment is closed down, the balance of the
welfare fund shall be transferred to the welfare fund of a place
of internment for internees of the same nationality, or, if such a
place does not exist, to a central welfare fund which shall be
administered for the benefit of all internees remaining in the
custody of the Detaining Power. In case of a general release, the
said profits shall be kept by the Detaining Power, subject to any
agreement to the contrary between the Powers concerned.
Article 88
In all places of internment exposed to air raids and other
hazards of war, shelters adequate in number and structure to
ensure the necessary protection shall be installed. In case of
alarms, the internees shall be free to enter such shelters as
quickly as possible, excepting those who remain for the protection
of their quarters against the aforesaid hazards. Any protective
measures taken in favour of the population shall also apply to
them.
All due precautions must be taken in places of internment
against the danger of fire.
Chapter III. FOOD AND CLOTHING
Article 89
Daily food rations for internees shall be sufficient in
quantity, quality and variety to keep internees in a good state of
health and prevent the development of nutritional deficiencies.
Account shall also be taken of the customary diet of the
internees.
Internees shall also be given the means by which they can
prepare for themselves any additional food in their possession.
Sufficient drinking water shall be supplied to internees. The
use of tobacco shall be permitted.
Internees who work shall receive additional rations in
proportion to the kind of labour which they perform.
Expectant and nursing mothers and children under fifteen years
of age shall be given additional food, in proportion to their
physiological needs.
Article 90
When taken into custody, internees shall be given all
facilities to provide themselves with the necessary clothing,
footwear and change of underwear, and later on, to procure further
supplies if required. Should any internees not have sufficient
clothing, account being taken of the climate, and be unable to
procure any, it shall be provided free of charge to them by the
Detaining Power.
The clothing supplied by the Detaining Power to internees and
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