Стр. 5
которого их совсем нет.
Статья 8
Высокие Договаривающиеся Стороны и, в частности, держащие в
плену державы будут разрешать в пределах максимальной возможности,
но с учетом предписаний, регулирующих продовольственное снабжение
населения, производить на их территории любые закупки с целью
распределения среди военнопленных коллективных грузов помощи; они
будут аналогичным образом оказывать содействие при передаче
денежных фондов и при проведении других финансовых мероприятий,
технического или административного порядка, имеющих целью
осуществление этих закупок.
Статья 9
Вышеизложенные постановления не должны служить помехой ни
праву военнопленных получать коллективные грузы помощи до их
прибытия в лагерь или во время переезда, ни возможности для
представителей державы - покровительницы, Международного комитета
Красного Креста или всякой другой организации, оказывающей помощь
военнопленным и которой поручена передача этих грузов,
обеспечивать их распределение среди получателей любыми другими
способами, которые они сочли бы подходящими.
Приложение IV
A. УДОСТОВЕРЕНИЕ ЛИЧНОСТИ
(см. статью 4)
---------------¬ (Указание страны и военной власти, которыми
¦ Фотография ¦ выдано настоящее удостоверение личности)
¦ владельца ¦
¦ ¦ УДОСТОВЕРЕНИЕ ЛИЧНОСТИ
¦ ¦
¦ ¦ для лица, следующего за вооруженными силами
¦ ¦ Фамилия ___________________________________
L--------------- Имя и отчество ____________________________
Дата и место рождения _____________________
___________________________________________
Следует за вооруженными силами в качестве
___________________________________________
Дата составления
удостоверения Подпись владельца
___________________ ___________________________
------------------------------------------------------------------
Примечание. Желательно, чтобы это удостоверение было
составлено на двух - трех языках и чтобы один из них был языком
международного значения. Размеры удостоверения, складывающегося по
пунктирной линии, 13 x 10 см.
------------------------------------------------------------------
Оборотная сторона
------------T---------------T----------------T-------------------¬
¦ Рост ¦ Вес ¦ Глаза ¦ Волосы ¦
¦ _________ ¦ _____________ ¦ ______________ ¦ _________________ ¦
+---T-------+---------------+----------------+-------------------+
¦ ¦Другие ¦ Оттиск пальцев¦ Группа крови ¦ (Печать властей, ¦
¦ ¦приметы¦(необязательно)+----------------+ выдавших ¦
¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Религия ¦ удостоверение) ¦
¦ ¦ ¦ ¦----------------¦ ¦
¦ ¦ +---------------+----------------+-------------------+
¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ К сведению ¦
¦ ¦ ¦ (Левый ¦ Настоящее удостоверение выдается ¦
¦ ¦ ¦ указательный) ¦ лицам, которые следуют за ¦
¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ вооруженными силами _________, не ¦
¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ входя непосредственно в их состав. ¦
¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Лицо, которому оно выдано, обязано ¦
¦ ¦ +---------------+ иметь его всегда при себе. Если ¦
¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ его владелец попал в плен, он сам ¦
¦ ¦ ¦ (Правый ¦ должен передать это удостоверение ¦
¦ ¦ ¦ указательный) ¦ властям, которые его держат, для ¦
¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ того, чтобы они могли установить ¦
¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ его личность. ¦
L---+-------+---------------+-------------------------------------
B. КАРТОЧКА - ИЗВЕЩЕНИЕ О ВЗЯТИИ В ПЛЕН
(см. статью 70)
Лицевая сторона
------------------------------------------------------------------
Писать разборчиво 1. Держава, за которой числится
и прописными буквами военнопленный _________________________
------------------------------------------------------------------
2. Фамилия 3. Имя (полностью) 4. Отчество
__________________________________________________________________
5. Дата рождения ____________________ 6. Место рождения _________
7. Звание _______________________________________________________
8. Личный N _____________________________________________________
9. Адрес семьи __________________________________________________
------------------------------------------------------------------
<*> 10. Взят в плен: (или)
Прибыл из (лагеря N ______, госпиталя и пр.) _____________
<*> 11. a) Здоров _______ b) не ранен _______ c) выздоровел _____
d) поправляется _____ e) болен ____ f) легкое ранение ___
g) тяжелое ранение _______________________________________
------------------------------------------------------------------
12. Мой адрес в настоящее время: Номер пленного _________________
Обозначение лагеря __________________________________________
13. Дата __________________________ 14. Подпись _________________
------------------------------------------------------------------
<*> Ненужное вычеркнуть. - К указанному здесь ничего не
добавлять. - См. объяснение на оборотной стороне.
------------------------------------------------------------------
Оборотная сторона
------------------------------------------------------------------
Почта для военнопленных Бесплатно
Карточка - извещение о взятии в плен
----------------------------------------T-------------------------
К сведению ¦ В Центральное агентство
Эта карточка должна быть заполнена ¦ по делам военнопленных
каждым пленным немедленно после взятия ¦
его в плен и каждый раз, когда пленный ¦ Международный комитет
меняет свой адрес в результате ¦ Красного Креста
помещения его в госпиталь или другой ¦
лагерь. ¦ ЖЕНЕВА
Настоящая карточка не имеет ¦ ---------
отношения к специальной карточке, ¦ (Швейцария)
которую пленному разрешается послать ¦
своей семье. ¦
----------------------------------------+-------------------------
Примечание. Эта карточка должна быть составлена на двух или
трех языках, в частности, на родном языке пленного и на языке
держащей в плену державы.
Размеры 15 x 10,5 см.
C. ПОЧТОВАЯ КАРТОЧКА И ПИСЬМО
(см. статью 71)
1. Почтовая карточка
Лицевая сторона
------------------------------------------------------------------
Переписка военнопленных Бесплатно
ПОЧТОВАЯ КАРТОЧКА Кому __________________________
-------------------------------¬ _______________________________
Отправитель ¦
Фамилия, имя, отчество ¦ Место назначения ______________
_____________________________ ¦ _______________________________
Дата и место рождения _______ ¦ _______________________________
_____________________________ ¦ Улица _________________________
N военнопленного ____________ ¦ Страна ________________________
_____________________________ ¦ Область _______________________
Обозначение лагеря __________ ¦
_____________________________ ¦
Страна отправления __________ ¦
_____________________________ ¦
-------------------------------+----------------------------------
Оборотная сторона
------------------------------------------------------------------
Дата:
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Писать только на строчках и очень разборчиво
------------------------------------------------------------------
Примечание. Эта карточка должна быть составлена на двух или
трех языках, в частности, на родном языке пленного и на языке
держащей в плену державы.
Размеры карточки в натуре 15 x 10 см.
2. Письмо
------------------------------------------------------------------
Переписка военнопленных Бесплатно
Кому _____________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Место назначения _________________________________________________
-------------------------------------------------------------
Улица ____________________________________________________________
Страна ___________________________________________________________
Область __________________________________________________________
------------------------------------------------------------------
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
ОТПРАВИТЕЛЬ
Фамилия и имя ____________________________________________________
Дата и место рождения ____________________________________________
N пленного _______________________________________________________
Обозначение лагеря _______________________________________________
Страна отправления _______________________________________________
------------------------------------------------------------------
Примечание. Эта форма должна быть составлена на двух или трех
языках, в частности, на родном языке пленного и на языке держащей
в плену державы. Она складывается по линии сгиба (обозначена
пунктиром), верхняя часть закладывается в прорезь (обозначена
знаками ~) и в таком виде представляет собой конверт. Оборотная
сторона, разлинованная как оборотная сторона почтовой карточки
(см. Приложение IV, C. 1), предназначается для письма пленного, на
ней может поместиться примерно 250 слов. Размеры письма в натуре
(в развернутом виде) 29 x 15 см.
D. ИЗВЕЩЕНИЕ О СМЕРТИ
(см. статью 120)
------------------------------------------------------------------
(Обозначение соответствующих ИЗВЕЩЕНИЕ О СМЕРТИ
властей)
Держава, за которой числится пленный _________________________
--------------------------------------T---------------------------
Фамилия и имя ....................¦___________________________
Отчество .........................¦___________________________
Место и дата рождения ............¦___________________________
Место и дата смерти ..............¦___________________________
Звание и личный номер (надписанные¦
на опознавательном медальоне) ........¦___________________________
Адрес семьи ......................¦___________________________
Где и когда был взят в плен ......¦___________________________
Причина и обстоятельства смерти ..¦___________________________
Место погребения .................¦___________________________
Обозначена ли могила и сможет ли¦
она впоследствии быть найдена семьей .¦___________________________
Сохраняет ли держащая в плену¦
держава вещи, входящие в наследство¦
покойного, у себя или они пересылаются¦
одновременно с настоящим извещением о¦
смерти ...............................¦___________________________
Если они пересылаются, то через¦
какого посредника ....................¦___________________________
Может ли лицо, бывшее при больном¦
во время его болезни или в последние¦
минуты его жизни (врач, санитар,¦
служитель культа, товарищ по плену),¦
сообщить, здесь же или в приложении,¦
какие-нибудь подробности о его¦
последних минутах и о погребении......¦___________________________
(Дата, печать и подпись¦ Подписи и адреса двух
соответствующих властей) .............¦свидетелей
.................. ............... ¦___________________________
--------------------------------------+---------------------------
Примечание. Это извещение должно быть составлено на двух или
трех языках, в частности, на родном языке пленного и на языке
держащей в плену державы.
Размеры извещения 21 x 30 см.
E. СВИДЕТЕЛЬСТВО О РЕПАТРИАЦИИ
(см. Приложение II, статью 11)
СВИДЕТЕЛЬСТВО О РЕПАТРИАЦИИ
Дата _________________________________________________________
Лагерь _______________________________________________________
Госпиталь ____________________________________________________
Фамилия ______________________________________________________
Имя и отчество _______________________________________________
Дата рождения ________________________________________________
Звание _______________________________________________________
Личный номер _________________________________________________
Номер военнопленного _________________________________________
Ранение, заболевание _________________________________________
Решение комиссии _____________________________________________
Председатель смешанной
медицинской комиссии
A = Непосредственная репатриация
B = Госпитализация в нейтральной стране
NC = Вторичное освидетельствование
Приложение V
ТИПОВЫЕ ПРАВИЛА,
КАСАЮЩИЕСЯ ДЕНЕЖНЫХ ПЕРЕВОДОВ, КОТОРЫЕ
ВОЕННОПЛЕННЫЙ ПОСЫЛАЕТ НА СВОЮ СТРАНУ
(см. статью 63)
1. Авизо, указанное в третьем абзаце статьи 63, будет
содержать следующие данные:
a) номер, указанный в статье 17, звание, фамилию, имя и
отчество военнопленного, производящего платежи;
b) фамилию и адрес получателя в его стране;
c) денежную сумму, которая должна быть уплачена, выраженную в
валюте страны, в которой находится военнопленный.
2. Авизо будет подписано военнопленным или, если он не умеет
писать, под ним должен быть поставлен его знак, и оно должно быть
заверено доверенным лицом.
3. Начальник лагеря приложит к данному авизо справку о том,
что данный военнопленный имеет кредитовое сальдо не меньшее, чем
денежная сумма, которая должна быть уплачена.
4. Авизо может быть составлено в виде списков; каждый лист
такого списка должен быть засвидетельствован доверенным лицом и
заверен начальником лагеря.
* * *
Подписывая Конвенцию об обращении с военнопленными,
Правительство Союза Советских Социалистических Республик сделало
следующие оговорки:
по ст. 10 - "СССР не будет признавать законным обращение
державы, во власти которой находятся военнопленные, к нейтральному
государству или гуманитарной организации с просьбой принять на
себя функции, выполняемые державой - покровительницей, если на это
не имеется согласия правительства страны, гражданами которой
являются военнопленные";
по ст. 12 - "СССР не будет считать законным освобождение
державы, передавшей захваченных ею военнопленных другой державе,
от ответственности за соблюдение Конвенции в отношении этих
военнопленных, пока они находятся на попечении державы,
согласившейся их принять";
по ст. 85 - "СССР не считает для себя обязательным вытекающее
из статьи 85 распространение покровительства Конвенции на
военнопленных, осужденных по законам страны, где они находятся в
плену, за совершение военных преступлений и преступлений против
человечества в соответствии с принципами Нюрнбергского процесса,
так как осужденные за эти преступления должны подчиняться режиму,
установленному в данной стране для лиц, отбывающих наказание".
GENEVA CONVENTION
RELATIVE TO THE TREATMENT OF PRISONERS OF WAR
(Geneva, 12.VIII.1949)
Preamble
The undersigned Plenipotentiaries of the Governments
represented at the Diplomatic Conference held at Geneva from April
21 to August 12, 1949, for the purpose of revising the Convention
concluded at Geneva on July 27, 1929, relative to the Treatment of
Prisoners of War, have agreed as follows:
PART I. GENERAL PROVISIONS
Article 1
The High Contracting Parties undertake to respect and to
ensure respect for the present Convention in all circumstances.
Article 2
In addition to the provisions which shall be implemented in
peace time, the present Convention shall apply to all cases of
declared war or of any other armed conflict which may arise
between two or more of the High Contracting Parties, even if the
state of war is not recognized by one of them.
The Convention shall also apply to all cases of partial or
total occupation of the territory of a High Contracting Party,
even if the said occupation meets with no armed resistance.
Although one of the Powers in conflict may not be a party to
the present Convention, the Powers who are parties thereto shall
remain bound by it in their mutual relations. They shall
furthermore be bound by the Convention in relation to the said
Power, if the latter accepts and applies the provisions thereof.
Article 3
In the case of armed conflict not of an international
character occurring in the territory of one of the High
Contracting Parties, each Party to the conflict shall be bound to
apply, as a minimum, the following provisions:
1. Persons taking no active part in the hostilities, including
members of armed forces who have laid down their arms and those
placed hors de combat by sickness, wounds, detention, or any other
cause, shall in all circumstances be treated humanely, without any
adverse distinction founded on race, colour, religion or faith,
sex, birth or wealth, or any other similar criteria.
To this end the following acts are and shall remain prohibited
at any time and in any place whatsoever with respect to the
above-mentioned persons:
(a) violence to life and person, in particular murder of all
kinds, mutilation, cruel treatment and torture;
(b) taking of hostages;
(c) outrages upon personal dignity, in particular, humiliating
and degrading treatment;
(d) the passing of sentences and the carrying out of
executions without previous judgment pronounced by a regularly
constituted court affording all the judicial guarantees which are
recognized as indispensable by civilized peoples.
2. The wounded and sick shall be collected and cared for.
An impartial humanitarian body, such as the International
Committee of the Red Cross, may offer its services to the Parties
to the conflict.
The Parties to the conflict should further endeavour to bring
into force, by means of special agreements, all or part of the
other provisions of the present Convention.
The application of the preceding provisions shall not affect
the legal status of the Parties to the conflict.
Article 4
A. Prisoners of war, in the sense of the present Convention,
are persons belonging to one of the following categories, who have
fallen into the power of the enemy:
1. Members of the armed forces of a Party to the conflict, as
well as members of militias or volunteer corps forming part of
such armed forces.
2. Members of other militias and members of other volunteer
corps, including those of organized resistance movements,
belonging to a Party to the conflict and operating in or outside
their own territory, even if this territory is occupied, provided
that such militias or volunteer corps, including such organized
resistance movements, fulfil the following conditions:
(a) that of being commanded by a person responsible for his
subordinates;
(b) that of having a fixed distinctive sign recognizable at a
distance;
(c) that of carrying arms openly;
(d) that of conducting their operations in accordance with the
laws and customs of war.
3. Members of regular armed forces who profess allegiance to a
government or an authority not recognized by the Detaining Power.
4. Persons who accompany the armed forces without actually
being members thereof, such as civilian members of military
aircraft crews, war correspondents, supply contractors, members of
labour units or of services responsible for the welfare of the
armed forces, provided that they have received authorization, from
the armed forces which they accompany, who shall provide them for
that purpose with an identity card similar to the annexed model.
5. Members of crews, including masters, pilots and
apprentices, of the merchant marine and the crews of civil
aircraft of the Parties to the conflict, who do not benefit by
more favourable treatment under any other provisions of
international law.
6. Inhabitants of a non-occupied territory, who on the
approach of the enemy spontaneously take up arms to resist the
invading forces, without having had time to form themselves into
regular armed units, provided they carry arms openly and respect
the laws and customs of war.
B. The following shall likewise be treated as prisoners of war
under the present Convention:
1. Persons belonging, or having belonged, to the armed forces
of the occupied country, if the occupying Power considers it
necessary by reason of such allegiance to intern them, even though
it has originally liberated them while hostilities were going on
outside the territory it occupies, in particular where such
persons have made an unsuccessful attempt to rejoin the armed
forces to which they belong and which are engaged in combat, or
where they fail to comply with a summons made to them with a view
to internment.
2. The persons belonging to one of the categories enumerated
in the present Article, who have been received by neutral or
non-belligerent Powers on their territory and whom these Powers
are required to intern under international law, without prejudice
to any more favourable treatment which these Powers may choose to
give and with the exception of Articles 8, 10, 15, 30, fifth
paragraph, 58-67, 92, 126 and, where diplomatic relations exist
between the Parties to the conflict and the neutral or
nonbelligerent Power concerned, those Articles concerning the
Protecting Power. Where such diplomatic relations exist, the
Parties to a conflict on whom these persons depend shall be
allowed to perform towards them the functions of a Protecting
Power as provided in the present Convention, without prejudice to
the functions which these Parties normally exercise in conformity
with diplomatic and consular usage and treaties.
C. This Article shall in no way affect the status of medical
personnel and chaplains as provided for in Article 33 of the
present Convention.
Article 5
The present Convention shall apply to the persons referred to
in Article 4 from the time they fall into the power of the enemy
and until their final release and repatriation.
Should any doubt arise as to whether persons, having committed
a belligerent act and having fallen into the hands of the enemy,
belong to any of the categories enumerated in Article 4, such
persons shall enjoy the protection of the present Convention until
such time as their status has been determined by a competent
tribunal.
Article 6
In addition to the agreements expressly provided for in
Articles 10, 23, 28, 33, 60, 65, 66, 67, 72, 73, 75, 109, 110,
118, 119, 122 and 132, the High Contracting Parties may conclude
other special agreements for all matters concerning which they may
deem it suitable to make separate provision. No special agreement
shall adversely affect the situation of prisoners of war, as
defined by the present Convention, nor restrict the rights which
it confers upon them.
Prisoners of war shall continue to have the benefit of such
agreements as long as the Convention is applicable to them, except
where express provisions to the contrary are contained in the
aforesaid or in subsequent agreements, or where more favourable
measures have been taken with regard to them by one or other of
the Parties to the conflict.
Article 7
Prisoners of war may in no circumstances renounce in part or
in entirety the rights secured to them by the present Convention,
and by the special agreements referred to in the foregoing
Article, if such there be.
Article 8
The present Convention shall be applied with the cooperation
and under the scrutiny of the Protecting Powers whose duty it is
to safeguard the interests of the Parties to the conflict. For
this purpose, the Protecting Powers may appoint, apart from their
diplomatic or consular staff, delegates from amongst their own
nationals or the nationals of other neutral Powers. The said
delegates shall be subject to the approval of the Power with which
they are to carry out their duties.
The Parties to the conflict shall facilitate to the greatest
extent possible the task of the representatives or delegates of
the Protecting Powers.
The representatives or delegates of the Protecting Powers
shall not in any case exceed their mission under the present
Convention. They shall, in particular, take account of the
imperative necessities of security of the State wherein they carry
out their duties.
Article 9
The provisions of the present Convention constitute no
obstacle to the humanitarian activities which the International
Committee of the Red Cross or any other impartial humanitarian
organization may, subject to the consent of the Parties to the
conflict concerned, undertake for the protection of prisoners of
war and for their relief.
Article 10
The High Contracting Parties may at any time agree to entrust
to an organization which offers all guarantees of impartiality and
efficacy the duties incumbent on the Protecting Powers by virtue
of the present Convention.
When prisoners of war do not benefit or cease to benefit, no
matter for what reason, by the activities of a Protecting Power or
of an organization provided for in the first paragraph above, the
Detaining Power shall request a neutral State, or such an
organization, to undertake the functions performed under the
present Convention by a Protecting Power designated by the Parties
to a conflict.
If protection cannot be arranged accordingly, the Detaining
Power shall request or shall accept, subject to the provisions of
this Article, the offer of the services of a humanitarian
organization, such as the International Committee of the Red
Cross, to assume the humanitarian functions performed by
Protecting Powers under the present Convention.
Any neutral Power or any organization invited by the Power
concerned or offering itself for these purposes, shall be required
to act with a sense of responsibility towards the Party to the
conflict on which persons protected by the present Convention
depend, and shall be required to furnish sufficient assurances
that it is in a position to undertake the appropriate functions
and to discharge them impartially.
No derogation from the preceding provisions shall be made by
special agreements between Powers one of which is restricted, even
temporarily, in its freedom to negotiate with the other Power or
its allies by reason of military events, more particularly where
the whole, or a substantial part, of the territory of the said
Power is occupied.
Whenever in the present Convention mention is made of a
Protecting Power, such mention applies to substitute organizations
in the sense of the present Article.
Article 11
In cases where they deem it advisable in the interest of
protected persons, particularly in cases of disagreement between
the Parties to the conflict as to the application or
interpretation of the provisions of the present Convention, the
Protecting Powers shall lend their good offices with a view to
settling the disagreement.
For this purpose, each of the Protecting Powers may, either at
the invitation of one Party or on its own initiative, propose to
the Parties to the conflict a meeting of their representatives,
and in particular of the authorities responsible for prisoners of
war, possibly on neutral territory suitably chosen. The Parties to
the conflict shall be bound to give effect to the proposals made
to them for this purpose. The Protecting Powers may, if necessary,
propose for approval by the Parties to the conflict a person
belonging to a neutral Power, or delegated by the International
Committee of the Red Cross, who shall be invited to take part in
such a meeting.
PART II. GENERAL PROTECTION OF PRISONERS OF WAR
Article 12
Prisoners of war are in the hands of the enemy Power, but not
of the individuals or military units who have captured them.
Irrespective of the individual responsibilities that may exist,
the Detaining Power is responsible for the treatment given them.
Prisoners of war may only be transferred by the Detaining
Power to a Power which is a party to the Convention and after the
Detaining Power has satisfied itself of the willingness and
ability of such transferee Power to apply the Convention. When
prisoners of war are transferred under such circumstances,
responsibility for the application of the Convention rests on the
Power accepting them while they are in its custody.
Nevertheless if that Power fails to carry out the provisions
of the Convention in any important respect, the Power by whom the
prisoners of war were transferred shall, upon being notified by
the Protecting Power, take effective measures to correct the
situation or shall request the return of the prisoners of war.
Such requests must be complied with.
Article 13
Prisoners of war must at all times be humanely treated. Any
unlawful act or omission by the Detaining Power causing death or
seriously endangering the health of a prisoner of war in its
custody is prohibited, and will be regarded as a serious breach of
the present Convention. In particular, no prisoner of war may be
subjected to physical mutilation or to medical or scientific
experiments of any kind which are not justified by the medical,
dental or hospital treatment of the prisoner concerned and carried
out in his interest.
Likewise, prisoners of war must at all times be protected,
particularly against acts of violence or intimidation and against
insults and public curiosity.
Measures of reprisal against prisoners of war are prohibited.
Article 14
Prisoners of war are entitled in all circumstances to respect
for their persons and their honour.
Women shall be treated with all the regard due to their sex
and shall in all cases benefit by treatment as favourable as that
granted to men.
Prisoners of war shall retain the full civil capacity which
they enjoyed at the time of their capture. The Detaining Power may
not restrict the exercise, either within or without its own
territory, of the rights such capacity confers except in so far as
the captivity requires.
Article 15
The Power detaining prisoners of war shall be bound to provide
free of charge for their maintenance and for the medical attention
required by their state of health.
Article 16
Taking into consideration the provisions of the present
Convention relating to rank and sex, and subject to any privileged
treatment which may be accorded to them by reason of their state
of health, age or professional qualifications, all prisoners of
war shall be treated alike by the Detaining Power, without any
adverse distinction based on race, nationality, religious belief
or political opinions, or any other distinction founded on similar
criteria.
PART III. CAPTIVITY
Section 1
BEGINNING OF CAPTIVITY
Article 17
Every prisoner of war, when questioned on the subject, is
bound to give only his surname, first names and rank, date of
birth, and army, regimental, personal or serial number, or failing
this, equivalent information.
If he wilfully infringes this rule, he may render himself
liable to a restriction of the privileges accorded to his rank or
status.
Each Party to a conflict is required to furnish the persons
under its jurisdiction who are liable to become prisoners of war,
with an identity card showing the owner's surname, first names,
rank, army, regimental, personal or serial number or equivalent
information, and date of birth. The identity card may,
furthermore, bear the signature or the fingerprints, or both, of
the owner, and may bear, as well, any other information the Party
to the conflict may wish to add concerning persons belonging to
its armed forces. As far as possible the card shall measure 6.5 x
10 cm. and shall be issued in duplicate. The identity card shall
be shown by the prisoner of war upon demand, but may in no case be
taken away from him.
No physical or mental torture, nor any other form of coercion,
may be inflicted on prisoners of war to secure from them
information of any kind whatever. Prisoners of war who refuse to
answer may not be threatened, insulted, or exposed to unpleasant
or disadvantageous treatment of any kind.
Prisoners of war who, owing to their physical or mental
condition, are unable to state their identity, shall be handed
over to the medical service. The identity of such prisoners shall
be established by all possible means, subject to the provisions of
the preceding paragraph.
The questioning of prisoners of war shall be carried out in a
language which they understand.
Article 18
All effects and articles of personal use, except arms, horses,
military equipment and military documents, shall remain in the
possession of prisoners of war, likewise their metal helmets and
gas masks and like articles issued for personal protection.
Effects and articles used for their clothing or feeding shall
likewise remain in their possession, even if such effects and
articles belong to their regulation military equipment.
At no time should prisoners of war be without identity
documents. The Detaining Power shall supply such documents to
prisoners of war who possess none.
Badges of rank and nationality, decorations and articles
having above all a personal or sentimental value may not be taken
from prisoners of war.
Sums of money carried by prisoners of war may not be taken
away from them except by order of an officer, and after the amount
and particulars of the owner have been recorded in a special
register and an itemized receipt has been given, legibly inscribed
with the name, rank and unit of the person issuing the said
receipt. Sums in the currency of the Detaining Power, or which are
changed into such currency at the prisoner's request, shall be
placed to the credit of the prisoner's account as provided in
Article 64.
The Detaining Power may withdraw articles of value from
prisoners of war only for reasons of security; when such articles
are withdrawn, the procedure laid down for sums of money impounded
shall apply.
Such objects, likewise sums taken away in any currency other
than that of the Detaining Power and the conversion of which has
not been asked for by the owners, shall be kept in the custody of
the Detaining Power and shall be returned in their initial shape
to prisoners of war at the end of their captivity.
Article 19
Prisoners of war shall be evacuated, as soon as possible after
their capture, to camps situated in an area far enough from the
combat zone for them to be out of danger.
Only those prisoners of war who, owing to wounds or sickness,
would run greater risks by being evacuated than by remaining where
they are, may be temporarily kept back in a danger zone.
Prisoners of war shall not be unnecessarily exposed to danger
while awaiting evacuation from a fighting zone.
Article 20
The evacuation of prisoners of war shall always be effected
humanely and in conditions similar to those for the forces of the
Detaining Power in their changes of station.
The Detaining Power shall supply prisoners of war who are
being evacuated with sufficient food and potable water, and with
the necessary clothing and medical attention. The Detaining Power
shall take all suitable precautions to ensure their safety during
evacuation, and shall establish as soon as possible a list of the
prisoners of war who are evacuated.
If prisoners of war must, during evacuation, pass through
transit camps, their stay in such camps shall be as brief as
possible.
Section II
INTERNMENT OF PRISONERS OF WAR
Chapter I. GENERAL OBSERVATIONS
Article 21
The Detaining Power may subject prisoners of war to
internment. It may impose on them the obligation of not leaving,
beyond certain limits, the camp where they are interned, or if the
said camp is fenced in, of not going outside its perimeter.
Subject to the provisions of the present Convention relative to
penal and disciplinary sanctions, prisoners of war may not be held
in close confinement except where necessary to safeguard their
health and then only during the continuation of the circumstances
which make such confinement necessary.
Prisoners of war may be partially or wholly released on parole
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